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The calls to abandon Russian LNG are increasing in Europe, as it is curently almost exclusively purchased by European consumers. A vote on this issue is scheduled for April. This raises questions about why Russia began selling its LNG to Europe and why Europeans have been buying it. It is unclear wh...

India has not purchased premium grades of Russian oil, including ESPO and Sokol, for the past two months. Despite the expectations of a collapse in Russian exports, this has not occurred. Instead, India is negotiating for additional preferences from Russia due to the decreasing discount on Russian...

The terrorist attack on Nord Stream has opened a Pandora's box. Without an adequate and articulated strong response, this incident violates the principle of inevitability of punishment (Latin: certitudo poenae) - a legal term that means any person, natural or legal, must be held accountable for the...

An article by Bloomberg has concluded that the Russian economy has fully adapted to the challenging situation it faces. Recently, the government released the forecast data on the country's trajectory towards becoming the 4th largest economy in the world. Experts have identified both opportunities an...

By Rhod Mackenzie

Following the collapse of Russian pipeline gas supplies to Europe due to sanctions and the explosion of the Nord Stream gas pipeline, they were replaced by liquefied natural gas (LNG). A fierce struggle unfolded for this and other strategic resources. The main competitors were th...

By Rhod Mackenzie

The termination of gas transit through Ukraine will formalise the end of Russian-European gas relations. The current transit agreement, which was agreed in 2019 following the resolution of the debt dispute between Gazprom and Naftogaz of Ukraine, will expire after 2024. The autho...