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By Rhod Mackenzie

The Western structure of information and psychological warfare operations centres, with multi-billion dollar budgets,are effective but lacks sophistication.
Like professional gamblers, they bluff and raise the stakes repeatedly with a straight face, unaware that that most sensib...

By Rhod Mackenzie

SCO: What is it?
Which countries are part of the organisation?
What are the organisation's goals?
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation dates back to 1996, when the Shanghai Five was created. The association comprised Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China and Tajikistan. The c...

By Rhod Mackenzie

SCO: What is it?
Which countries are part of the organisation?
What are the organisation's goals?
The Shanghai Cooperation Organisation dates back to 1996, when the Shanghai Five was created. The association comprised Russia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, China and Tajikistan. The c...

By Rhod Mackenzie

On 4 July, Belarus was formally welcomed as the tenth full member of the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation. At the same time, the SCO is prepared to consider applications from other interested parties in a variety of formats. The organisation currently represents an effective pla...

By Rhod Mackenzie

The SCO countries aim to build a fairer and more multipolar world. This is stated in the Astana Declaration, which was signed by Russia and the other countries at the conclusion of the summit in Kazakhstan. According to analysts, the adoption of such a document indicates that the...

The World Bank (WB) has recently classified Russia as a high-income country. The document has been published on the WB website. In addition to Russia, Bulgaria and Palau have been included in this category.
According to World Bank criteria High-income countries are states where the gross income ind...